Christina Hartmann, Maria Uhl, Stefan Weiss, Sigrid Scharf, Jürgen König. Human biomonitoring of bisphenol A exposure in an Austrian population. Biomonitoring 2016; 3: 5-14

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奥地利人群双酚A暴露的人体生物监测

摘要

双酚A（BPA）是一种工业化学品，广泛应用于聚碳酸酯和环氧树脂的单体、热敏纸的生产以及PVC生产过程中的稳定剂。因此，BPA存在于一系列普通的消费产品中。由于与含双酚A产品的接触，人体会经常通过不同途径暴露于BPA。BPA具有内分泌活性，可能引起不同的健康效应。本研究对自发性的尿液样本中总的BPA含量通过在线SPE-HPLC-MS/MS进行分析来研究6-15岁和18-81岁的奥地利人群BPA的暴露。在所有研究人群中（n=594），15.7%的样本中检出了总BPA，最高含量为17g/l（中位数：未检出，95%分位数：3.7μg/l），结果表明研究调查的人群中双酚A一般水平较低。但是，儿童和青少年的暴露水平较高。估算得出每日的BPA摄入量并与可接受的暴露水平相比较，BPA摄入量均未超过可接受暴露水平。

尽管奥地利人群的BPA暴露处于低水平，较宽的分布和持续的与可能的负面健康效应相关的讨论表明需要开展进一步的监测和调查。

关键词：尿液双酚A暴露，人体生物监测，估计每日摄入量，在线SPE-HPLC-MS/MS

Human biomonitoring of bisphenol A exposure in an Austrian population

Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical widely used as a monomer in polycarbonate, epoxy resin and thermal paper production, and as a stabilizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) production. Thus, BPA is present in a wide range of common consumer products. Due to contact with BPA-containing products, humans are regularly exposed via different routes. BPA is an endocrine active substance and can potentially lead to different adverse health outcomes. In the present study, total BPA levels were analysed by on-line SPE-HPLC-MS/MS in spontaneous urine samples in order to investigate the exposure to an Austrian population aged 6-15 and 18-81 years. In the total study population (n=594), total BPA were found in 15.7% of all samples, with concentrations up to 17 μg/l (median: n.d., 95th percentile: 3.7 μg/l). These results show generally low BPA levels among the investigated study population. However, children and adolescents exhibited higher exposure levels. Daily BPA intakes were estimated and compared to acceptable exposure levels, whereat no exceedances could be identified.

Although BPA exposure was shown to be low in the Austrian population, the wide distribution and the ongoing discussion related to possible negative health effects even at low doses indicate need for further monitoring and investigations.

Keywords: Urinary bisphenol A exposure, Human biomonitoring, Estimated daily intake, on-line SPEHPLC-MS/MS